Embodied carbon, embodied energy and renewable energy: a review of environmental product declarations

Environmental product declarations (EPD) to EN 15804 provide information about the embodied carbon dioxide of construction products – their life cycle greenhouse gas emissions alongside reporting use renewable and non-renewable primary energy secondary fuels, among other environmental indicators. As number EPD increases, they become a useful data resource consider these impacts. In moving towards reduction in products, it is necessary resources efficiently allow transition net zero; this because increasing demands on decarbonise industry, transport domestic consumption limited capacity expand generation. This paper reviews published for structural reinforcing steels, cement, bricks timber considers, cradle gate ‘product’ stage, exploring relationship with (total used), balance energy, efficient energy. It found, timber, that show greater percentage have higher suggesting less products.